Who has the ultimate responsibility for terrain clearance during a flight?

The ultimate responsibility for terrain clearance during a flight lies with the Pilot in Command (PIC). This is rooted in the regulatory framework that designates the PIC as the person in charge of the aircraft and its operation. The PIC ensures the safety of the flight, which encompasses maintaining appropriate altitude, navigating effectively, and ensuring that the aircraft does not collide with terrain or obstacles.

While air traffic controllers and radar operators provide critical support and information regarding traffic and elevation, their roles are primarily to assist and provide guidance based on the information available in the airspace. The co-pilot supports the PIC and can take on specific tasks, but the ultimate authority and responsibility for the safe operation and navigation of the aircraft, including terrain clearance, rests with the PIC. This hierarchy of responsibility is vital for maintaining aviation safety and accountability during flight operations.