What is the function of slots in wing design?

The function of slots in wing design primarily relates to controlling the airflow over the wing, specifically the boundary layer, which significantly impacts lift generation. Slots allow the high-energy airflow from the leading edge to re-energize the boundary layer and delay flow separation, particularly at higher angles of attack when the aircraft is climbing or maneuvering. This improved airflow contributes to sustained lift even under conditions where it might otherwise stall.

The use of slots effectively improves the lift characteristics of the wing and allows for safer, more efficient operations during critical phases of flight, such as takeoff and landing, where maintaining lift at lower speeds is essential. This aerodynamic enhancement is a key reason why they are a common feature in the design of high-lift devices on aircraft wings.