What are the lines that run from pole to pole called?

The lines that run from pole to pole are known as meridians of longitude. These lines are imaginary and represent the angular distance of a point east or west of the Prime Meridian, which is designated as 0 degrees longitude. Meridians converge at the North and South Poles, and they are critical for navigation and mapping since they help to define geographic coordinates.

Understanding the concept of meridians is important, as they help distinguish between different time zones and are essential for determining precise locations on Earth's surface. Each meridian is spaced evenly apart, typically at intervals of 15 degrees, which represents one hour of time difference.

In contrast, parallels of latitude are lines that run parallel to the Equator and measure the distance north or south of the Equator, while the Equator itself is the most significant parallel of latitude. Rhumb lines, on the other hand, are paths on the earth's surface that cross all meridians at the same angle, which is more related to navigation than to the concept of longitudinal lines running from pole to pole.